ABAP / 4 INTERVIEW QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
1) What is SAP R/3?
Ans SAP R/3 refers to Systems Application and Product for data processing
Real-time having a 3 tier architecture i.e. Presentation layer, Application
layer and Database layer.
2) What are the
programming standards followed?
3) What are the contents
in technical specifications?
Ans There are five contents in Technical Settings: Data Class, Size
Category, Buffering Permission, Buffering Type and Logging.
4) What is an instance?
Ans When you call a function module, an instance of its function group plus
its data, is loaded into the memory area of the internal session. An ABAP
program can load several instances by calling function modules from different
function groups.
5) How to take care of
performance in ABAP Development?
6) What is Function group? Difference between function group and
function module?
Ans Function Groups act as containers for Function Modules that logically
belong together.
Function Groups
1) These cannot
be defined in a Function Module.
2) It cannot be
called.
3) They are
containers for Function Module.
Function
Modules
1) These must
be defined in a Function Group.
2) It can be
called from any program.
3) They are not
containers for Function Group.
7) What is the
difference between 'Select single * ' and 'Select upto 1 rows'?
Ans ‘Select single *’ – The result of the selection should be a single
entry. If it is not possible to identify a unique entry, the system uses the
first line of the selection. For e.g.
DATA : ITAB TYPE
ZREKHA_EMP.
SELECT SINGLE * FROM
ZREKHA_EMP INTO ITAB
WHERE EMPNO =
‘00101’ AND DEPTNO = ‘0010’.
WRITE : / ITAB-EMPNO,
ITAB-EMPNAME,ITAB-DEPTNO.
Select upto 1 rows -
8) What Function does
data dictionary perform?
Ans Central information repository for application and system data. The
ABAP Dictionary contains data definitions (metadata) that allow you to describe
all of the data structures in the system (like tables, views, and data types) in
one place. This eliminates redundancy.
9) Difference between
domain and data element? What are aggregate object?
Ans Domain - Specifies the technical attributes of a data element - its
data type, length, possible values, and appearance on the screen. Each data
element has an underlying domain. A single domain can be the basis for several
data elements. Domains are objects in the ABAP Dictionary.
Data Element - Describes the business function of a table field. Its technical
attributes are based on a domain, and its business function is described by its
field labels and documentation.
Aggregate Object – Views, Match Code and Lock objects are called aggregate
objects because they are formed from several related table.
10) What is view?
Different types of view. Explain?
Ans View - A view is a virtual table containing fields from one or more
tables. A virtual table that does not contain any data, but instead provides an
application-oriented view of one or more ABAP Dictionary tables.
Different Types of
View:
1)
Maintenance
2) Database –
It is on more than two tables.
3) Projection –
It is only on one table.
4) Help
11) Can u print decimals
in type N? What is difference between float and packed data type?
Ans No, we cannot print
decimals in type N because decimal places are not permitted with N
data type.
Float Data Type: It
cannot be declared in Parameters.
Packed Number: It
can be declared in Parameters. For e.g.
PARAMETERS : A(4)
TYPE P DECIMALS 2,
B(4) TYPE P DECIMALS 2.
DATA : C(4) TYPE P
DECIMALS 2.
C = A + B.
WRITE : / ‘THE SUM
IS’ , C.
12) What is step-loop?
Explain all the steps?
Ans A step loop is a repeated series of field-blocks in a screen. Each
block can contain one or more fields, and can extend over more than one line on
the screen.
Step loops as structures in a screen do not have
individual names. The screen can contain more than one step-loop, but if so, you
must program the LOOP...ENDLOOPs in the flow logic accordingly. The ordering of
the LOOP...ENDLOOPs must exactly parallel the order of the step loops in the
screen. The ordering tells the system which loop processing to apply to which
loop. Step loops in a screen are ordered primarily by screen row, and
secondarily by screen column.
Transaction TZ61 (development class SDWA) implements
a step loop version of the table you saw in transaction TZ60.
Static and Dynamic Step Loops
Step loops fall into two classes: static and
dynamic. Static step loops have a fixed size that cannot be changed at runtime.
Dynamic step loops are variable in size. If the user re-sizes the window, the
system automatically increases or decreases the number of step loop blocks
displayed. In any given screen, you can define any number of static step loops,
but only a single dynamic one.
You specify the class for a step loop in the Screen
Painter. Each loop in a screen has the attributes Looptype (fixed=static,
variable=dynamic) and Loopcount. If a loop is fixed, the Loopcount tells the
number of loop-blocks displayed for the loop. This number can never change.
Programming with static and dynamic step loops is
essentially the same. You can use both the LOOP and LOOP AT statements for both
types.
Looping in a Step Loop
When you use LOOP AT <internal-table> with a step
loop, the system automatically displays the step loop with vertical scroll bars.
The scroll bars, and the updated (scrolled) table display, are managed by the
system.
Use the following additional parameters if desired:
- FROM <line1> and TO <line2>
- CURSOR <scroll-var>
13) What is the initial
value and maximum length of all data type?
Ans
Data Type |
Initial field length |
Valid field length |
Initial value |
Meaning |
Numeric types |
I |
4 |
4 |
0 |
Integer (whole number) |
F |
8 |
8 |
0 |
Floating point number |
P |
8 |
1 – 16 |
0 |
Packed number |
Character types |
C |
1 |
1 – 65535 |
'
…
' |
Text field (alphanumeric characters) |
D |
8 |
8 |
'00000000' |
Date field (Format: YYYYMMDD) |
N |
1 |
1 – 65535 |
'0 … 0' |
Numeric text field (numeric characters) |
T |
6 |
6 |
'000000' |
Time field (format: HHMMSS) |
Hexadecimal type |
X |
1 |
1 – 65535 |
X'0 … 0' |
Hexadecimal field |
14) What are the ways to
find out the tables used in the program?
Ans
15) Can you have two
detail lists from the basic list at the same time?
If yes how and
if no why?
Ans
16) What are the different functions used in sap script? What are the
parameters used in each Function?
Ans There are three
different functions used in SAP Script:
1) OPEN_FORM
2) WRITE_FORM
3) CLOSE_FORM
Parameters in
Each Function:
1) OPEN_FORM –
Exporting
Form
Language
2) WRITE_FORM –
Exporting
Element
Window
3) CLOSE_FORM
17) What is sequence of
event triggered in report?
Ans There are 6 events in
report:
1)
Initialization
2) At
Selection-Screen
3)
Start-of-Selection
4) Get
5) Get Late
6)
End-of-Selection
7) Top-of-Page
8) End-of-Page
9) At Line
Selection
10) At User Command
11) At PF (nn)
18) What are standard
layouts sets in the SAP Script?
Ans There are four standard
layouts in the SAP Script:
1) Header
2)
Logo
3) Main Window
4) Footer
19) What function module
upload data from application server?
Ans
20) What are the various
types of selection screen event?
Ans SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF BLOCK ABC WITH FRAME
TITLE T01.
SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF SCREEN
500 AS WINDOW.
CALL SELECTION-SCREEN 500 STARTING
AT 10 10.
21) What do you know about
a client?
Ans
22) What are the system
fields? Explain?
Ans The ABAP system fields are active in all ABAP programs. They are filled
by the runtime environment, and you can query their values in a program to find
out particular states of the system. Although they are variables, you should not
assign your own values to them, since this may overwrite information that is
important for the normal running of the program. However, there are some
isolated cases in which you may need to overwrite a system variable. For
example, by assigning a new value to the field SY-LSIND, you can control
navigation within details lists.
23) What is SAP Script?
What is the purpose of SAP Script? Difference between
SAP Script and
Report?
Ans SAP Script – It is the integrated text management system of the SAP R/3
System. Two types – PC Editor & Line Editor.
Reports - It
is the way to display data fetched from database table onto screen or directly
output it to a printer. Two types – Classical and Interactive.
24) What is the use of
occurs in internal table? Can u change occurs value in program?
Ans Use of Occurs - If you use the OCCURS parameter, the value of the
INITIAL SIZE of the table is returned to the variable <n>
Data :
Begin of ITAB occurs 0,
End of
ITAB.
Occurs or
Initial Size – to specify the initial amount of memory that should be assigned
to the table.
Yes, we can change
the occurs value in program but output remains the same.
25) Difference between
SY-TABIX and SY-INDEX? Where it is used?
Can u check
SY-SUBRC after perform?
Ans SY-TABIX - Current line
of an internal table. SY-TABIX is set by the statements below, but only for
index tables. The field is either not set or is set to 0 for hashed tables.
- APPEND sets SY-TABIX to the index of the last line of
the table, that is, it contains the overall number of entries in the table.
- COLLECT sets SY-TABIX to the index of the existing or
inserted line in the table. If the table has the type HASHED TABLE, SY-TABIX
is set to 0.
- LOOP AT sets SY-TABIX to the index of the current line
at the beginning of each loop lass. At the end of the loop, SY-TABIX is reset
to the value that it had before entering the loop. It is set to 0 if the table
has the type HASHED TABLE.
- READ TABLE sets SY-TABIX to the index of the table line
read. If you use a binary search, and the system does not find a line,
SY-TABIX contains the total number of lines, or one more than the total number
of lines. SY-INDEX is undefined if a linear search fails to return an entry.
- SEARCH <itab> FOR sets SY-TABIX to the index of the
table line in which the search string is found.
SY_INDEX - In a DO or WHILE loop, SY-INDEX contains
the number of loop passes including the current pass.
26) Difference between
UPLOAD and WS_UPLOAD?
Ans UPLOAD - File transfer with dialog from presentation server file to
internal table. Data which is available in a file on the presentation server is
transferred in an internal table. ASCII & Binary files can be transferred.
WS_UPLOAD - To
read data from the presentation server into an internal table without a user
dialog, use the function module WS_UPLOAD. The most important parameters are
listed below.
Parameters |
Function |
CODEPAGE |
Only for upload under DOS: Value IBM |
FILENAME |
Filename |
FILETYPE |
File type |
27) Why did u switch to
SAP?
Ans
28) What is a Logical
Database?
Ans Logical Databases are special ABAP programs that retrieve data and make
it available to application programs.
Use of LDB – is
used to read data from database tables by linking them to executable ABAP
programs.
29) What are the events
used for Logical Database?
Ans Two Events –
1) GET - This is the most important event for executable programs
that use a logical database. It occurs when the logical database has read a line
from the node <table> and made it available to the program in the work area
declared using the statement NODES <table>.
The depth to which the logical database is read is determined by the GET
statements
2) PUT -
The PUT statement directs the program flow according to the structure of
the logical database.
30) What is the difference
between Get and Get Late?
Ans GET - After the logical
database has read an entry from the node <table>.
GET LATE -
After all of the nodes of the logical database have been processed that are
below <table> in the database hierarchy.
31) What are the data
types of Internal Tables?
Ans There are three types:
1) Line
2) Key
3) Table
32) What are the events
used in ABAP in the order of execution?
Ans Events are:
1.
INITIALIZATION
2. AT
SELECTION-SCREEN
3. AT
SELECTION-SCREEN ON <field>
4.
START-OF-SELECTION
5. TOP-OF-PAGE
6. TOP-OF-PAGE
DURING LINE SELECTION
7. END-OF-PAGE
8.
END-OF-SELECTION
9. AT
USER-COMMAND
10. AT
LINE-SELECTION
11. AT PF<NN>
12. GET
13. GET LATE.
14. AT User Command
33) What are Interactive
Reports?
Ans An output list which displays just the basic details & allow user to
interact, so that a new list is populated based on user-selection. With
interactive list, the user can actively control data retrieval and display
during the session.
34) What are the commands
used for interactive reports?
Ans Top-of-Page during
line-selection
35) What are the system
fields u have worked with? Explain?
Ans I had worked with the
following (30) system fields:
1) SY-DBSYS
- Central Database
2) SY-HOST
- Server
3) SY-OPSYS
- Operating System
4) SY-SAPRL
- SAP Release
5) SY-SYSID
- System Name
6) SY-LANGU
- User Logon Language
7) SY-MANDT
- Client
8) SY-UNAME
- Logon User Name
9) SY-DATLO
- Local Date
10) SY-DATUM
- Server Date
11) SY-TIMLO
- Local Time
12) SY-UZEIT
- Server Time
13) SY-DYNNR
- Screen Number
14) SY-REPID
- Current ABAP program
15) SY-TCODE
- Transaction Code
16) SY-ULINE
- Horizontal Line
17) SY-VLINE
- Vertical Line
18) SY-INDEX
- Number of current loop Pass
19) SY-TABIX
- Current line of internal table
20) SY-DBCNT
- Number of table entries processed
21) SY-SUBRC
- Return Code
22) SY-UCOMM
- Function Code
23) SY-LINCT
- Page Length of list
24) SY-LINNO
- Current Line
25) SY-PAGNO
- Current Page Number
26) SY-LSIND
- Index of List
27) SY-MSGID
- Message Class
28) SY-MSGNO
- Message Number
29) SY-MSGTY
- Message Type
30) SY-SPONO
- Spool number during printing
36) What is the difference
between Primary key and Unique Key?
Ans Primary Key – It can
accepts 0 value and cannot be NULL.
Unique Key – It can
be NULL.
37) What is the
transaction code for Table maintenance?
Ans SM30
38) If u are using Logical
Databases how will u modify the selection-screen elements?
Ans Select-options : dname
for deptt-dname.
39) What is an RFC?
Ans Remote Function Call
40) If u are using RFC and
passing values to a remote system how does it work?
Ans
41) What are the events in
Screen Programming?
Ans There are two events in
Screen Programming:
- PBO (Process Before Output)
– Before the screen is displayed, the PBO event is processed.
- PAI (Process After Input) –
When the user interacts with the screen, the PAI event is processed.
- POH (Process On Help) - are
triggered when the user requests field help (F1). You can program the
appropriate coding in the corresponding event blocks. At the end of
processing, the system carries on processing the current screen.
- POV (Process On Value) - are
triggered when the user requests possible values help (F4). You can program
the appropriate coding in the corresponding event blocks. At the end of
processing, the system carries on processing the current screen.
42) What is the
significance of HIDE?
Ans Its stores the click
value and display the related record in the secondary list.
43) Where do u code the
HIDE statement?
Ans In a LOOP statement
44) Types of BDC's?
Ans There are two types of
BDC’s:
1) Transaction
Method
2) Session
Method
45) Advantages &
Disadvantages of different types of BDC's?
Ans Transaction Method:
1) It is faster
than session method.
2) While
executing, it starts from starting.
Session Method:
1) It is slower
than transaction method.
2) While
executing, it does not start from starting.
46) What are the events
used in Interactive Reports.
Ans There are three events
of Interactive Reports:
I.
At PF(nn)
II.
At line-selection
III. At
user-command
47) What is an RDBMS?
Ans RDBMS – Relational Database Management System. It helps to create
relationship between two or more table.
48) What standards u use
to follow while coding ABAP programs?
Ans
49) What will you code in
START-OF-SELECTION & END-OF-SELECTON & why?
Ans START-OF-SELECTION
SELECT * FROM
DEPTT INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF ITAB
WHERE DEPTNO IN
DEPTNO.
APPEND ITAB.
ENDSELECT.
LOOP AT ITAB.
WRITE : / 10
ITAB-DEPTNO.
HIDE : ITAB-DEPTNO.
ENDLOOP.
END-OF-SELECTION
50) What are joins and
different types joins?
Ans There are four types of
Joins:
1) Self Join
2) Inner Join
3) Outer Join
4) Equi Join
51) Which is the default
join?
Ans
52) How do u display a
data in a Detail List?
Ans By using two
statements:
1) Top-of-page
during line-selection
2) At
line-selection
53) What are the types of
windows in SAP Script?
Ans There are five Standard
Layouts in SAP Script:
1) Page
2) Window
3) Page Window
4) Paragraph
Format
5) Character
Format
54) What are the function
modules used in a SAP Script driver program?
Ans There are three
functions used in SAP Script:
1) OPEN_FORM
2) WRITE_FORM
3) CLOSE_FORM
55) What are Extracts?
Ans Extracts are dynamic sequential datasets in which different lines can
have different structures. We can access the individual records in an extract
dataset using a LOOP.
56) How would u go about improving the performance of a Program, which
selects data from MSEG & MKPF?
Ans
57) How does System work
in case of an Interactive Report?
Ans
58) What is LUW?
Ans Logical Unit of Work
59) Different types of
LUWs. What r they?
Ans Two types of LUW are:
1)
DB LUW - A database LUW is the mechanism used by the database to ensure
that its data is always consistent. A database LUW is an inseparable sequence of
database operations that ends with a database commit. The database LUW is either
fully executed by the database system or not at all. Once a database LUW has
been successfully executed, the database will be in a consistent state. If an
error occurs within a database LUW, all of the database changes since the
beginning of the database LUW are reversed. This leaves the database in the
state it had before the transaction started.
2) SAP LUW - A
logical unit consisting of dialog steps, whose changes are written to the
database in a single database LUW is called an SAP LUW. Unlike a database LUW,
an SAP LUW can span several dialog steps, and be executed using a series of
different work processes.
60) What is First event
triggered in program?
Ans
61) What are various
Joins? What is right outer join?
Ans
62) How do
u find out whether a file exits on the presentation server?
Ans
eps_get_directory_listing for directory
63) Systems fields used
for Interactive Lists AND Lists
Ans Interactive System
Fields: SY-LSIND, SY-CPAGE, SY-LILLI, SY-LISEL, SY-LISTI,
SY-LSTAT, SY-STACO,
SY-STARO
Lists: SY-COLNO,
SY-LINCT, SY-LINNO, SY-LINSZ, SY-PAGNO,
SY-TVAR0…..SY-TVAR9, SY-WTITL
64) Logo in SAP Script?
Ans RSTXLDMC OR
Steps for
making and inserting Logo in SAP Script:
First Procedure:
1) Draw the
picture
2) Save it
3) /nSE78
4) Write name &
Choose Color
5) Click on
Import
6) Browse
picture
7) Enter
Second
Procedure
1) /nSE71
2) Insert
3) Graphics
4) Click on
stored on document server
5) Execute
6) Choose name
of BMAP
65) What are the
difference between call screen and leave screen?
Ans Call Screen: Calling a single screen is a special case of
embedding a screen sequence.
If you want to prevent the called screen from covering the current screen
completely, you can use the CALL SCREEN statement with the STARTING AT and
ENDING AT
CALL SCREEN 1000.
CALL SCREEN
1000 STARTING AT 10 10 ENDING AT 20 20.
LEAVE SCREEN
statement ends the current screen and calls the subsequent screen.
LEAVE SCREEN.
LEAVE TO SCREEN 2000.
66) If internal table used
in for all entries in empty then what happens
Ans No, records will be
displayed.
67) If I forgot some
command in SAP Script e.g.: suppress zero display - How to do find it?
Ans Suppressing of entire screens is possible with this command. This
command allows us to perform screen processing “in the background”. Suppressing
screens is useful when we are branching to list-mode from a transaction dialog
step.
68) How to write a BDC -
how do u go about it?
Ans Steps for writing BDC
1) /nSE38
2) Declare
Tables, Data (for ITAB) and Data (for BDCITAB)
3) Call
function ‘Upload’.
4) Write code
for the First Screen, Radio Button, Filename, Change Button, Second Screen,
Utilities (Create Entries), Third Screen and Save.
5) Call
transaction ‘SE11’ using BDCITAB mode ‘A’.
6) Save, Check
Errors, Activate and Execute.
69) What is Performance
tuning?
Ans
70) Define Documentation.
Ans
71) Brief about Testing of
programs.
Ans
72) How do u move on to
the next screen in interactive reporting?
Ans Write code of the
following:
1) Top-of-Page
during line-selection
2) At
line-selection
73) Create any functions?
How to go about it?
Ans Steps for creating the
Functions:
First Procedure:
1) /nSE37
2) Goto
3) Function
Group (FG)
4) Create Group
5) Name of FG (ZREKHA_FG)
6) Short Text
7) Save
8) Local Object
Second
Procedure
1) Environment
2) Inactive
Object
3) Function
Group (ZREKHA_FG)
4) Activate
5) Back
Third Procedure
1) Name of
Function Module (ZREKHA_FM)
2) Create
3) Write FG
Name (ZREKHA_FG)
4) Short Text
5) Save
Fourth Step:
Call function ‘ZREKHA_FM’.
74) Advanced topics?
Ans
75) Function modules used
in F4 help.
Ans There are two types of
function modules used in F4 help:
1)
F4IF_FIELD_VALUE_REQUEST
2)
F4IF_INT_TABLE_VALUE_REQUEST
76) Work most on which
module: Name a few tables.
Ans Sales & Distribution
Module
1) Sales
Document: Item Data – VBAP
2) Sales
Document: Partner – VBPA
3) Sales
Document: Header Data – VBAK
4) Sales
Document Flow – VBFA
5) Sales
Document: Delivery Item Data - LIPS
6) Customer
Master – KNA1
7) Material
Data – MARA
8) Conditions
(Transaction Data) - KONV
77) System Table used
Ans
1) Sales
Document: Item Data – VBAP
2) Sales
Document: Partner – VBPA
3) Sales
Document: Header Data – VBAK
4) Sales
Document Flow – VBFA
5) Sales
Document: Delivery Item Data - LIPS
6) Customer
Master – KNA1
7) Material
Data – MARA
8) Conditions
(Transaction Data) - KONV
78) From a table how do u
find whether a material is used in another material BOM?
Ans
79) What is read line?
Ans READ LINE and READ CURRENT LINE – These statements are used to read
data from the lines of existing list levels. These statements are closely
connected to the HIDE technique.
80) How u used logical database? How is data transferred to program?
Corresponding statement in LDB.
Ans
81) How do u suppress
fields on selection screen generated by LDB?
Ans
82) Can there be more than
1 main window in SAP Script?
Ans No, there cannot be more than 1 main window in SAP Script because in
WRITE_FORM, it asks for the parameter Window that will create the problem.
WRITE_FORM –
Exporting
Element
Window
83) Global and local data
in function modules.
Ans
84) What are the
differences between SAP memory and ABAP memory?
Ans ABAP Memory is a memory area in the internal session (roll area) of an
ABAP program. Data within this area is retained within a sequence of program
calls, allowing you to pass data between programs that call one another. It is
also possible to pass data between sessions using SAP Memory.
SAP Memory is a memory area to
which all sessions within a SAPgui have access. You can use SAP memory either to
pass data from one program to another within a session (as with ABAP memory) or
to pass data from one session to another.
85) What are differences
between At selection-screen and At selection-screen output?
Ans AT SELECTION-SCREEN event is triggered in the PAI of the selection
screen once the ABAP runtime environment has passed all of the input data from
the selection screen to the ABAP program.
AT SELECTION-SCREEN OUTPUT - This
event block allows you to modify the selection screen directly before it is
displayed.
86) What are the events?
Ans
87) What is get cursor
field?
Ans GET CURSOR statement transfers the name of the screen element on which
the cursor is positioned during a user action into the variable <f>.
GET CURSOR FIELD <f> [OFFSET <off>] [LINE <lin>] [VALUE <val>] LENGTH <len>].
88) What is the inside
concept in select-options?
Ans Select-options specify
are displayed on the selection screen for the user to enter values.
Different
Properties of Select-options:
1) Visible
Length
2) Matchcode
Object
3) Memory ID
4) Lowercase
5) Obligatory
6) No Display
7) Modify ID
89) What is the difference
between occurs 1 and occurs 2?
Ans
90) What is the difference
between Free and Refresh?
Ans Free - You can use FREE to initialize an internal table and release its
memory space without first using the REFRESH or CLEAR statement. Like REFRESH,
FREE works on the table body, not on the table work area. After a FREE
statement, you can address the internal table again. It still occupies the
amount of memory required for its header (currently 256 bytes). When you refill
the table, the system has to allocate new memory space to the lines.
Refresh - This
always applies to the body of the table. As with the CLEAR statement, the memory
used by the table before you initialized it remains allocated. To release the
memory space, use the statement
91) What are elements?
Ans
92) Can we have more than
one selection-screen and how?
Ans Yes, we can have more
than one selection screen.
Selection-screen
begin of block honey with frame title text-101.
Select-options :
deptno for zrekha_deptt-deptno.
Selection-screen end
of block honey.
Selection-screen
begin of block honey1 with frame title text-102.
Select-options :
dname for zrekha_deptt-dname.
Selection-screen end
of block honey1.
93) How to declare
select-option as a parameter?
Ans SELECT-OPTIONS: specify are displayed on the selection screen for the
user to enter values.
Parameters: dname
like dept-dname.
Select-options:
dname for dept-dname.
94) How can u write
programmatically value help to a field without using search help and
match codes?
Ans By using two types of
function modules to be called in SAP Script:
1)
HELP_OBJECT_SHOW_FOR_FIELD
2)
HELP_OBJECT_SHOW
95) What are the
differences between SE01, SE09 and SE10?
Ans SE01 -
Correction & Transport Organizer
SE09 -
Workbench Organizer
SE10 -
Customizing Organizer
96) How to set
destination?
Ans
97) What are the function
module types?
Ans
98) What are tables?
Ans Tables : ZREKHA_EMP.
It creates a
structure – the table work area in a program for the database tables, views or
structure ZREKHA_EMP. The table work area has the same name as the object for
which we created it. ZREKHA_EMP must be declared in the ABAP dictionary. The
name and sequence of fields in the table work area ZREKHA_EMP corresponds
exactly to the sequence of fields in the database table, view definition in the
ABAP dictionary.
99) What are
client-dependant tables and independent tables?
Ans
100) How to distinguish
client-dependant tables from independent tables?
Ans
101) What is the use of
Table maintenance allowed?
Ans Mark the Table maintenance allowed flag if users with the corresponding
authorization may change the data in the table using the Data Browser
(Transaction SE16). If the data in the table should only be maintained with
programs or with the table view maintenance transaction (Transaction SM30), you
should not set the flag.
102) How to define Selection
Screen?
Ans Parameters,
Select-options & Selection-Screen
103) What are the check
tables and value tables?
Ans Check Table: The ABAP Dictionary allows you to define relationships
between tables using foreign keys . A dependent table is called a foreign key
table, and the referenced table is called the check table. Each key field of the
check table corresponds to a field in the foreign key table. These fields are
called foreign key fields. One of the foreign key fields is designated as the
check field for checking the validity of values. The key fields of the check
table can serve as input help for the check field.
Value Table: Prior to Release
4.0, it was possible to use the value table of a domain to provide input help.
This is no longer possible, primarily because unexpected results could occur if
the value table had more than one key field. It was not possible to restrict the
other key fields, which meant that the environment of the field was not
considered, as is normal with check tables.
In cases where this kind of value
help was appropriate, you can reconstruct it by creating a search help for the
data elements that use the domain in question, and using the value table as the
selection method.
Check table will be at field
level checking.
Value table will be at domain
level checking ex: scarr table is check table for carrid.
104) What is the difference
between tables and structures?
Ans Tables:
1) Data is
permanently stored in tables in the database.
2) Database
tables are generated from them.
Structure:
1) It contains
data temporarily during program run-time.
2) No Database
tables are generated from it.
105) How to declare one
internal table without header line without using structures?
Ans No, we cannot declare internal table without header line and without
structure because it gives error “ITAB cannot be a table, a reference, a string
or contain any of these object”.
Code with Header
without Structure
TABLES : ZREKHA_EMP.
DATA : ITAB LIKE
ZREKHA_EMP OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE.
SELECT * FROM
ZREKHA_EMP INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF ITAB.
APPEND ITAB.
ENDSELECT.
LOOP AT ITAB.
WRITE : / ITAB-EMPNO,
ITAB-EMPNAME,ITAB-DEPTNO.
ENDLOOP.
Code without
Header with Structure
TABLES : ZREKHA_EMP.
DATA : BEGIN OF
ITAB OCCURS 0,
EMPNO LIKE XREKHA_EMP-EMPNO,
EMPNAME LIKE XREKHA_EMP-EMPNAME,
DEPTNO
LIKE XREKHA_EMP-DEPTNO,
END OF
ITAB.
SELECT * FROM
ZREKHA_EMP INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF ITAB.
APPEND ITAB.
ENDSELECT.
LOOP AT ITAB.
WRITE : / ITAB-EMPNO,
ITAB-EMPNAME,ITAB-DEPTNO.
ENDLOOP.
106) What are lock objects?
Ans Reason for Setting Lock: Suppose a travel agent want to book a flight.
The customer wants to fly to a particular city with a certain airline on a
certain day. The booking must only be possible if there are still free places on
the flight. To avoid the possibility of overbooking, the database entry
corresponding to the flight must be locked against access from other
transactions. This ensures that one user can find out the number of free places,
make the booking, and change the number of free places without the data being
changed in the meantime by another transaction.
The R/3 System synchronizes
simultaneous access of several users to the same data records with a
lock mechanism.
When interactive transactions are programmed, locks are set and released by
calling function modules (see
Function Modules for Lock Requests).
These function modules are automatically generated from the definition of lock
objects in the ABAP Dictionary.
Two types of Lock:
Shared and Exclusive
107) What are datasets? What
are the different syntaxes?
Ans The sequential files (ON APPLICATION SERVER) are called datasets. They
are used for file handling in SAP.
OPEN DATASET [DATASET
NAME] FOR [OUTPUT / INPUT / APPENDING]
IN
[BINARY / TEXT] MODE
AT
POSITION [POSITION]
MESSAGE
[FIELD]
READ DATASET [DATASET NAME] INTO
[FIELD]
DELETE DATASET [DATASET NAME]
CLOSE DATASET [DATASET NAME]
TRANSFER [FIELD] TO [DATASET
NAME]
108) What are the events we
use in dialog programming and explain them?
Ans There are two events in
Dialog Programming i.e. screen:
- PBO (Process Before Output)
– Before the screen is displayed, the PBO event is processed.
- PAI (Process After Input) –
When the user interacts with the screen, the PAI event is processed.
- POH (Process On Help) - are
triggered when the user requests field help (F1). You can program the
appropriate coding in the corresponding event blocks. At the end of
processing, the system carries on processing the current screen.
- POV (Process On Value) - are
triggered when the user requests possible values help (F4). You can program
the appropriate coding in the corresponding event blocks. At the end of
processing, the system carries on processing the current screen.
109) What is the difference
between OPEN_FORM and CLOSE_FORM?
Ans OPEN_FORM – This module opens layout set printing. This function must
be called up before we can work with other layout set function like WRITE_FORM.
WRITE_FORM –
Output text element in form window. The specified element of the layout set
window entered is output. The element must be defined in the layout set.
CLOSE_FORM –
End layout set printing. Form printing started with OPEN_FORM is completed.
Possible closing operations on the form last opened are carried out. Form
printing must be completed by this function module. If this is not carried out,
nothing is printed or displayed on the screen.
110) What are the page
windows? How many main windows will be there in a page window?
Ans Page Window: In this window, we define the margins for left, width,
upper and height for the layout of Header, Logo, Main, & Footer.
111) What are control events
in a loop?
Ans Control level
processing is allowed within a LOOP over an internal table. This means that we
can divide sequences of entries into groups based on the contents of certain
fields.
AT <level>.
<statement block>
ENDAT.
You can react to the following control level changes:
<level> |
Meaning |
FIRST |
First line of the internal table |
LAST |
Last line of the internal table |
NEW <f> |
Beginning of a group of lines with the same contents
in the field <f> and in the fields left of <f> |
END Of <f> |
End of a group of lines with the same contents in
the field <f> and in the fields left of <f> |
112) How to debugg a script?
Ans Go to SE71, give layout
set name, go to utilities select debugger mode on.
113) How many maximum
sessions can be open in SAPgui?
Ans There are maximum 6
sessions open in SAPgui.
114) SAP Scripts and ABAP
programs are client dependent or not? Why?
Ans
115) What are System
Variable?
Ans System variables have
been predefined by SAP. We can use these variables in formulas or, for example,
to pass on certain pieces of information to a function module. How the function
called by the function module behaves depends on the type of information passed
on.
At present, we can use the following system
variables:
System Variable |
Use |
Meaning |
SY_MODE |
In function modules |
Current mode of the PI sheet |
SY_TEST |
In function modules |
Status of the PI sheet (test or active) |
SY_ROW |
In function modules |
Current table line |
SY_VALUE or X |
Generally |
Refers to the immediately preceding input value |
116) Is it compulsory to use
all the events in Reports?
Ans
117) What is the difference
between sum and collect?
Ans Sum: You can only use this statement within a LOOP. If you use SUM in
an AT - ENDAT block, the system calculates totals for the numeric fields of all
lines in the current line group and writes them to the corresponding fields in
the work area. If you use the SUM statement outside an AT - ENDAT block (single
entry processing), the system calculates totals for the numeric fields of all
lines of the internal table in each loop pass and writes them to the
corresponding fields of the work area. It therefore only makes sense to use the
SUM statement in AT...ENDAT blocks.
If the table contains a nested
table, you cannot use the SUM statement. Neither can you use it if you are using
a field symbol instead of a work area in the LOOP statement.
Collect:
118) What are session method
and call transaction method and explain about them?
Ans Session method – Use the BDC_OPEN_GROUP to create a session. Once we
have created a session, then we can insert the batch input data into it with
BDC_INSERT. Use the BDC_INSERT to add a transaction to a batch input session. We
specify the transaction that is to be started in the call to BDC_INSERT. We must
provide a BDCDATA structure that contains all the data required to process the
transaction completely. Use the BDC_CLOSE_GROUP to close a session after we have
inserted all of our batch input data into it. Once a session is closed, it can
be processed.
Call
Transaction -
In this method,
we use CALL TRANSACTION USING to run an SAP transaction. External data does not
have to be deposited in a session for later processing. Instead, the entire
batch input process takes place inline in our program.
119) If you have 10000
records in your file, which method you use in BDC?
Ans Call
transaction is faster then session method. But usually we use session method in
real time...because we can transfer large amount of data from internal table to
database and if any errors in a session, then process will not complete until
session get correct.
120) What are different
modes of Call Transaction method and explain them?
Ans There are three modes
of Call Transaction method:
1) A – Display
All
Screens
2) E – Display
Errors
3) N –
Background Processing
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
121) What is the typical
structure of an ABAP program?
Ans HEADER, BODY, FOOTER.
122) What are field symbols and field groups? Have you used "component idx
of structure" clause with field groups?
Ans Field Symbols – They are placeholder or symbolic names for the other
fields. They do not physically reserve space for a field, but point to its
contents. It can point to any data objects.
Field-symbols <fs>
Field Groups –
Field groups does not reserve storage space but contains pointers to existing
fields.
An extract
dataset consists of a sequence of records. These records may have different
structures. All records with the same structure form a record type. You must
define each record type of an extract dataset as a field group, using the
FIELD-GROUPS statement.
Field-groups <fg>
123) What should be the
approach for writing a BDC program?
Ans STEP 1: CONVERTING THE
LEGACY SYSTEM DATA TO A FLAT FILE
to internal
table CALLED "CONVERSION".
STEP 2:
TRANSFERING THE FLAT FILE INTO SAP SYSTEM CALLED
"SAP DATA TRANSFER".
STEP 3:
DEPENDING UPON THE BDC TYPE
i) Call
transaction (Write the program explicitly)
ii) Create
sessions (sessions are created and processed. If success, data will transfer).
124) What is a batch input
session?
Ans BATCH INPUT SESSION is an intermediate step between internal table and
database table. Data along with the action is stored in session i.e. data for
screen fields, to which screen it is passed, program name behind it, and how
next screen is processed.
Create session –
BDC_OPEN_GROUP
Insert batch input –
BDC_INSERT
Close session –
BDC_CLOSE_GROUP
125) What is the alternative
to batch input session?
Ans Call Transaction Method
& Call Dialog
126) A situation: An ABAP
program creates a batch input session. We need to submit the
program and the
batch session in background. How to do it?
Ans Go to SM36 and create
background job by giving job name, job class and job steps
(JOB
SCHEDULING)
127) What is the difference
between a pool table and a transparent table and how they are
stored at the
database level?
Ans Pool Table -
1) Many to One
Relationship.
2) Table in the
Dictionary has the different name, different number of fields, and the fields
have the different name as in the R3 Table definition.
3) It can hold
only pooled tables.
Transparent Table –
1)
One to One relationship.
2)
Table in the Dictionary has the same name, same number of fields, and the
fields have the same name as in the R3 Table definition.
3)
It can hold Application data.
128) What are the problems
in processing batch input sessions? How is batch input process
different from
processing on line?
Ans Two Problems: -
1) If the user
forgets to opt for keep session then the session will be automatically removed
from the session queue (log remains). However, if session is processed we may
delete it manually.
2) If session
processing fails, data will not be transferred to SAP database table.
129) Is Session Method,
Asynchronous or Synchronous?
Ans Synchronous
130) What are the different
types of data dictionary objects?
Ans Different types of data
dictionary objects:
1) Tables
2) Views
3) Data
elements
4) Structure
5) Domains
6) Search Helps
7) Local
Objects
8) Matchcode
131) How many types of
tables exist and what are they in data dictionary?
Ans 4 Types of Tables:
- Transparent tables - Exists
with the same structure both in dictionary as well as in database exactly with
the same data and fields. Both Open SQL and Native SQL can be used.
- Pool tables
- Cluster tables - These are
logical tables that are arranged as records of transparent tables. One cannot
use Native SQL on these tables (only Open SQL). They are not manageable
directly using database system tools.
- Internal tables
132) What is the
step-by-step process to create a table in data dictionary?
Ans Steps to create a
table:
Step 1:
creating domains (data type, field length, Range).
Step 2:
creating data elements (properties and type for a table field).
Step 3:
creating tables (SE11).
133) Can a transparent table
exist in data dictionary but not in the database physically?
Ans No, Transparent table do exist with the same structure both in the
dictionary as well as in the database, exactly with the same data and fields.
134) In SAP Scripts, how
will u link FORM with the Event Driven?
Ans In PAI, define function
code and write code for the same.
135) Can you create a table
with fields not referring to data elements?
Ans YES. e.g.:- ITAB LIKE SPFLI.
Here we are
refering to a data object (SPFLI) not data element.
136) What is the advantage
of structures? How do you use them in the ABAP programs?
Ans GLOBAL EXISTANCE (these could be used by
any other program without creating it again).
137) What does an extract
statement do in the ABAP program?
Ans Once you have declared the possible record types as field groups and
defined their structure, you can fill the extract dataset using the following
statements:
EXTRACT <FG>.
When the first
EXTRACT statement occurs in a program, the system creates the extract dataset
and adds the first extract record to it. In each subsequent EXTRACT statement,
the new extract record is added to the dataset
EXTRACT HEADER.
When you
extract the data, the record is filled with the current values of the
corresponding fields.
As soon as the
system has processed the first EXTRACT statement for a field group <FG>, the
structure of the corresponding extract record in the extract dataset is fixed.
You can no longer insert new fields into the field groups <FG> and HEADER. If
you try to modify one of the field groups afterwards and use it in another
EXTRACT statement, a runtime error occurs.
By processing
EXTRACT statements several times using different field groups, you fill the
extract dataset with records of different length and structure. Since you can
modify field groups dynamically up to their first usage in an EXTRACT statement,
extract datasets provide the advantage that you need not determine the structure
at the beginning of the program.
138) What is a collect
statement? How is it different from append?
Ans Collect : If an entry with the same key already exists, the COLLECT
statement does not append a new line, but adds the contents of the numeric
fields in the work area to the contents of the numeric fields in the existing
entry.
Append –
Duplicate entries occurs.
139) What is OPEN SQL vs
NATIVE SQL?
Ans Open SQL – These statements are a subset of standard SQL. It consists
of DML command (Select, Insert, Update, Delete). It can simplify and speed up
database access. Buffering is partly stored in the working memory and shared
memory. Data in buffer is not always up-to-date.
Native SQL – They are loosely integrated into ABAP. It allows access
to all functions containing programming interface. They are not checked and
converted. They are sent directly to the database system. Programs that use
Native SQL are specific to the database system for which they were written. For
e.g. to create or change table definition in the ABAP.
140) What does an EXEC SQL
stmt do in ABAP? What is the disadvantage of using it?
Ans To use
a Native SQL statement, you must precede it with the EXEC SQL statement, and
follow it with the ENDEXEC statement as follows:
EXEC SQL [PERFORMING <form>].
<Native SQL statement>
ENDEXEC.
There is no period after Native
SQL statements. Furthermore, using inverted commas (") or an asterisk (*) at the
beginning of a line in a native SQL statement does not introduce a comment as it
would in normal ABAP syntax. You need to know whether table and field names are
case-sensitive in your chosen database.
141) What is the meaning of
ABAP editor integrated with ABAP data dictionary?
Ans ABAP
Editor: Tool in the ABAP Workbench in which you enter the source code of ABAP
programs and check their syntax. You can also navigate from the ABAP Editor to
the other tools in the ABAP Workbench.
142) What are the events in
ABAP language?
Ans The events are as
follows:
1.
Initialization
2. At
selection-screen
3.
Start-of-selection
4.
End-of-selection
5. Top-of-page
6. End-of-page
7. At
line-selection
8. At
user-command
9. At PF
10. Get
11. At New
12. At LAST
13. AT END
14. AT FIRST
143) What is an interactive
report? What is the obvious difference of such report compared
with classical
type reports?
Ans An Interactive report
is a dynamic drill down report that produces the list on users choice.
Difference: -
a) The list
produced by classical report doesn't allow user to interact with the system
where as the list produced by interactive report allows the user to interact
with the system.
B) Once a
classical report, executed user looses control where as Interactive, user has
control.
C) In classical
report, drilling is not possible where as in interactive, drilling is possible.
144) What is a drill down
report?
Ans Its an Interactive report where in the user can get more relevant data
by selecting explicitly.
145) How do you write a
function module in SAP? Describe.
Ans
1. Called
program - SE37 - Creating function group, function module by assigning
attributes, importing, exporting, tables, and exceptions.
2. Calling
program - SE38 - In program, click pattern and write function name- provide
export, import, tables, exception values.
146) What are the exceptions
in function module?
Ans Exceptions: Our function module needs an exception that it can trigger
if there are no entries in table SPFLI that meet the selection criterion.
The exception NOT_FOUND serves this function.
COMMUNICATION_FAILURE & SYSTEM_FAILURE
147)
Ans
148) How are the date and
time field values stored in SAP?
Ans DD.MM.YYYY. HH:MM:SS
149) What are the fields in
a BDC_Tab and BDCDATA Table?
Ans Fields of BDC_Tab &
BDCDATA Table:
Sr.No
Fields - Description
1) Program - BDC Module pool
2) Dynpro - BDC Screen Number
3) Dynbegin - BDC Screen Start
4) Fname - Field Name
5) Fval - BDC field value
150) Name a few data
dictionary objects?
Ans Different types of data
dictionary objects:
1) Tables
2) Views
3) Data
elements
4) Structure
5) Matchcode
6) Domains
7) Search Helps
8) Local
Objects
151) What happens when a
table is activated in DD?
Ans When the table is activated, a physical table definition is created in
the database for the table definition stored in the ABAP dictionary. The table
definition is translated from the ABAP dictionary of the particular database.
It is available for
any insertion, modification and updation of records by any user.
152)
Ans
153) What are matchcodes?
Describe?
Ans It is similar to table index that gives list of possible values for
either primary keys or non-primary keys.
154) What transactions do
you use for data analysis?
Ans
155) What are the elements
of selection screen?
Ans There are 5 elements of
selection screen:
Selection-screen
include blocks <B>
Selection-screen
include parameters <P>
Selection-screen
include select-options <S>
Selection-screen
include comment <C>
Selection-screen
include push-button <push>
156) What are ranges? What
are number ranges?
Ans Main function of ranges to pass data to the actual selection tables
without displaying the selection screen.
Min, Max values
provided in selection screens.
It is often
necessary to directly access individual records in a data structure. This is
done using unique keys. Number ranges are used to assign numbers to individual
database records for a commercial object, to complete the key. Such numbers are
e.g. order numbers or material master numbers.
157) What are select options
and what is the diff from parameters?
Ans Parameters : We can
enter a single value.
PARAMETERS: PARAM(10).
Select-options:
We can enter low and high value i.e. range has to be specify. By using
NO-INTERVAL user can process only single fields.
SELECT-OPTIONS: DNO FOR DEPT-DNO.
SELECT-OPTIONS: DNO FOR DEPT-DNO NO-INTERVAL.
SELECT-OPTIONS declares an internal table, which is
automatically filled with values or ranges of values entered by the end user.
For each SELECT-OPTIONS, the system creates a selection table.
SELECT-OPTIONS <SEL> FOR <field>.
A selection table is an internal table with fields
SIGN, OPTION, LOW and HIGH.
The type of LOW and HIGH is the same as that of
<field>.
The SIGN field can take the following values: I
Inclusive (should apply) E Exclusive (should not apply)
The OPTION field can take the following values: EQ
Equal GT Greater than NE Not equal BT Between LE Less than or equal NB Not
between LT Less than CP Contains pattern GE Greater than or equal NP No pattern.
Differences-
PARAMETERS allow users to enter a single value into
an internal field within a report.
SELECT-OPTIONS allows users to fill an internal
table with a range of values.
Select-options provide ranges where as parameters do
not.
For each PARAMETERS or SELECT-OPTIONS statement you
should define text elements by choosing
Goto - Text elements - Selection texts - Change.
Eg:- Parameters name(30).
When the user executes the ABAP/4 program, an input
field for 'name' will appear on the selection screen. You can change the
comments on the left side of the input fields by using text elements as
described in Selection Texts.
158) How do
you validate the selection criteria of a report? And how do you display initial
values in a
selection screen?
Ans The selection criteria is validated in the processing block of the AT
SELECTION SCREEN event for the input values on the screen and respective
messages can be sent.
To display
initial values in the selection screen:
1) Use
INITIALIZATION EVENT
2) Use DEFAULT
VALUE option of PARAMETERS Statement
3)
Use SPA/GPA Parameters (PIDs).
Validate: - by
using match code objects.
Display :-
Parameters <name> default 'xxx'.
Select-options
<name> for spfli-carrid.
Initial values
in a selection screen:
INITIALIZATION.
DNO-LOW = 10.
DNO-HIGH = 30
SIGN I.
OPTION NB.
APPEND DNO.
159) What are selection
texts?
Ans
160) What is CTS and what do
you know about it?
Ans CTS stands for Correction and Transport System. The CTS provides a
range of functions that help you to choose a transport strategy optimally suited
to your requirements. We recommend that you follow the transport strategy while
you plan and set up your system landscape.
Correction and
Transport System (CTS) is a tool that helps you to organize development projects
in the ABAP Workbench and in Customizing, and then transport the changes between
the SAP Systems and clients in your system landscape. This documentation
provides you with an overview of how to manage changes with the CTS and
essential information on setting up your system and client landscape and
deciding on a transport strategy. Read and follow this documentation when
planning your development project. For practical information on working with the
Correction and Transport System, see Correction and Transport Organizer and
Transport Management System.
161) When a program is created and need to be transported to prodn does
selection texts always go with it? If not how do you make sure? Can you change
the CTS entries? How do you do it?
Ans
162) What is the client
concept in SAP? What is the meaning of client independent?
Ans In commercial, organizational and technical terms, the client is a
self-contained unit in the R3 system, with separate set of Master data and its
own set of Tables. When a change is made in one client all other clients are
affected in the system - this type of objects are called Client independent
objects.
163) Are programs client
dependent?
Ans Yes, group of users can
access these programs with a client number.
164) Name a few system
global variables you can use in ABAP programs?
Ans SY-SUBRC, SY-DBCNT, SY-LILLI, SY-DATUM, SY-UZEIT,
SY-UCOMM,
SY-TABIX.....
SY-LILLI is absolute number of lines from which
the event was triggered.
165) What are internal tables? How do you get the number of lines in an
internal table? How to use a specific number occurs statement?
Ans
1) It is a
standard data type object, which exists only during the runtime of the program.
They are used to perform table calculations on subsets of database tables and
for re-organizing the contents of database tables according to users need.
2) Using
SY-DBCNT.
3) The number
of memory allocations the system need to allocate for the next record
population.
166) How do you take care of
performance issues in your ABAP programs?
Ans Performance of ABAP programs can be improved by minimizing the amount
of data to be transferred. The data set must be transferred through the network
to the applications, so reducing the amount of time and also reduces the network
traffic.
Some measures
that can be taken are:
- Use views
defined in the ABAP/4 DDIC (also has the advantage of better reusability).
- Use field
list (SELECT clause) rather than SELECT *.
- Range tables
should be avoided (IN operator)
- Avoid nested
SELECTS.
167) What are datasets?
Ans The sequential files (ON APPLICATION SERVER) are called datasets. They
are used for file handling in SAP.
168) How to find the return
code of an stmt in ABAP programs?
Ans Open SQL has 2 system
fields with return codes:
1) SY-SUBRC
2) SY-DBCNT
Using function
modules
169) What are Conversion &
Interface programs in SAP?
Ans CONVERSION: Legacy
system to flat file.
INTERFACE: Flat
file to SAP system.
170) Have you used SAP
supplied programs to load master data?
Ans SAP supplied BDC
programs
RM06BBI0
(Purchase Requisitions)
RMDATIND
(Material Master)
RFBIKR00
(Vendor Masters)
RFBIDE00 (Customer Master)
RVINVB00 (Sales Order)
171) What are the techniques
involved in using SAP supplied programs? Do you prefer to
write your own
programs to load master data? Why?
Ans
Þ
Identify relevant fields
Þ
Maintain transfer structure ( Predefined – first one is always
session record)
Þ
Session record structure, Header Data, Item ( STYPE – record
type )
Þ
Fields in session structure – STYPE, GROUP , MANDT, USERNAME , NO
DATA
Þ
Fields in header structure – consists of transaction code also –
STYPE, BMM00, TCODE, MATNR and Fields in Item - ITEMS …
Þ
Maintain transfer file – sample data set creation
172) What are logical
databases? What are the advantages/disadvantages of logical databases?
Ans To read data from a
database tables we use logical database.
A logical
database provides read-only access to a group of related tables to an ABAP/4
program.
Advantages: - The programmer need not worry about
the primary key for each table. Because Logical database knows how the different
tables relate to each other, and can issue the SELECT command with proper where
clause to retrieve the data.
1) An
easy-to-use standard user interface.
2) Check
functions, which check that user input is complete, correct, and plausible.
3) Meaningful
data selection.
4) Central
authorization checks for database accesses.
5) Good read
access performance while retaining the hierarchical data view determined by the
application logic.
6) No need of
programming for retrieval, meaning for data selection
Disadvantages:
-
1) If you do
not specify a logical database in the program attributes, the GET events never
occur.
2) There is no
ENDGET command, so the code block associated with an event ends with the next
event statement (such as another GET or an END-OF-SELECTION).
3)
Fast in case of lesser no. of tables But if the table is in the lowest
level of hierarchy, all upper level tables should be read so performance is
slower.
173) What specific
statements do you using when writing a drill down report?
Ans AT LINE-SELECTION
AT USER-COMMAND
AT PF.
174) What are different
tools to report data in SAP? What all have you used?
Ans
175) What are the advantages
and disadvantages of ABAP query tool?
Ans Advantages: No
programming knowledge is required.
Disadvantages:
Depending on the complexity of the database tables, it may not be easy for the
user to select the necessary data correctly.
176) What are the functional
areas? User groups? How does ABAP query work in relation to
these?
Ans Functional Areas - By creating functional areas, we can initially
select this data. This ensures that the data is presented to the ABAP Query user
in a meaningful way to accomplish the task, and that only the data that the user
may use is presented.
User Groups – A
user group is a collection of users that work with about the same data and carry
out similar tasks. The members of a user group can use all programs (queries)
created by any user of the group. Changes to such a program are at once visible
to all users. This ensures that all members of a user group use the same
evaluation programs.
ABAP Query: It
consists of three components – queries, functional areas and user groups. The
functional areas provide the user with an initial set of data in accordance with
the task to be accomplished. All users must be members of at least one user
group. All members of one user group can access the same data as well as the
same program (queries) to create lists.
177) Is a logical database a
requirement/must to write an ABAP query?
Ans No, it is not must to
use LDB. Apart from it, we have other options:
1) Table join
by Basis Table
2) Direct Read
of table
3) Data
Retrieval by Program
178) What is the structure
of a BDC sessions.
Ans BDCDATA
179) What are Change header
and detail tables? Have you used them?
Ans
180) What do you do when the
system crashes in the middle of a BDC batch session?
Ans We will look into the error log file (SM35). Check number of records
already updated and delete them from input file and run BDC again.
181) What do you do with
errors in BDC batch sessions?
Ans We look into the list of incorrect session and process it again. To
correct incorrect session, we analyze the session to determine which screen and
value produced the error. For small errors in data we correct them interactively
otherwise modify batch input program that has generated the session or many
times even the data file.
182) How do you set up
background jobs in SAP? What are the steps? What are the events
driven batch
jobs?
Ans Go to SM36 and create
background job by giving job name, job class and job steps
(JOB
SCHEDULING)
183) Is it possible to run
host command from SAP environment? How do you run?
Ans
184) What kind of financial
periods exist in SAP? What is the relevant table for that?
Ans
185) Does SAP handle
multiple currencies? Multiple languages?
Ans Yes.
186) What is a currency
factoring technique?
Ans
187) How do you document
ABAP programs? Do you use program documentation menu
option?
Ans
188) What is SAP Script and
layout set?
Ans The tool, which is used to create layout set is called SAP Script.
Layout set is a design, appearance and structure of document.
189) What are the ABAP
commands that link to a layout set?
Ans Control Commands,
System Commands
190) What is output
determination?
Ans
191) What is the field
length of Packed Number? What is the default decimal of packed
number?
Ans
192) What are the different
types of data types?
Ans There are three types
of data types:
Data Types
Elementary
Complex References
Fixed
Variable Structure Table
Data Object
Variable
193) What is the syntax of
Packed Number?
Ans Data : NUM type P
decimals 2.
194) What are different
types of attributes of Function Module?
Ans There are 6 attributes
of FM:
1. Import
2. Export
3. Table
4. Changing
5. Source
6. Exception
195) List of Screen
elements.
Ans There are 13 screen
elements:
i.
Input / output fields
ii.
Text fields
iii.
Checkbox
iv.
Radio button
v.
Push Button
vi.
Drop down list
vii.
Subscreen
viii.
Table control
ix.
Tabstrip control
x.
Custom control
xi.
Box
xii.
Status icons
xiii.
OK_CODE fields
196) How many default Tab
Strips are there? How to insert more Tabs in it?
Ans There 2 default Tab strips. Screen painter attributes contain Tab
Title, which is used to insert more tabs in tab strip.
197) How to define Selection
Screen?
Ans There are 3 ways of
defining selection screen:
1. Parameters
2.
Select-options
3.
Selection-Screen
198) What are the properties
of Selection Screen?
Ans There are 11 properties
of selection screen:
1) Default
2) Memory ID
3) Lowercase
4) Visible
length
5) Obligatory
6) Matchcode
7) Check
8) Checkbox
9) Radiobutton
Group
10) No-display
11) Modif ID
199) What are the components
of Selection Table?
Ans There are four
components of selection table:
Low, High,
Sign, Options
200) How to display or know
if the value entered contains records or not?
Ans SY-SUBRC
201) What are the sequences
of event block?
Ans
i.
Reports
ii.
Nodes
iii.
Data
iv.
Initialization
v.
At selection-screen
vi.
Start-of-selection
vii.
Get deptt
viii.
Get emp
ix.
Get deptt late
x.
End-of-selection
xi.
Form
xii.
Endform
202) What are types of
Select statements?
Ans SELECT SINGLE <cols>
... WHERE ...
SELECT [DISTINCT] <cols> ... WHERE ...
SELECT <lines> * ...
203) What are DML commands?
Ans Select, Insert, Delete,
Modify, Update.
204) What is Asynchronous
and Synchronous Update?
Ans Asynchronous Update –
The program does not wait for the work process to finish the
update. Commit
Work.
Synchronous Update –
The program wait for the work process to finish the update.
Commit Work and
Wait.
205) Write syntax for
Message Error (Report)?
Ans AT SELECTION-SCREEN.
SELECT * FROM
ZREKHA_DEPTT INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF ITAB
WHERE DEPTNO IN
DEPTNO.
ENDSELECT.
If SY-DBCNT = 0.
MESSAGE E000 WITH
‘NO RECORDS FOUND’.
ENDIF.
206) How to see the list of
all created session?
Ans There are two method to
see all sessions:
1) SHDB
(Recording)
2) Write code
in SE38 then save, check errors activate and execute it.
System
Service
Batch input
Session
207) What are the function
module in BDC?
Ans There are three
function module in BDC:
1)
BDC_OPEN_GROUP
2) BDC_INSERT
3)
BDC_CLOSE_GROUP
208) Write the steps to
execute session method.
Ans Steps for execution
Session Method:
1) System
2) Service
3) Batch Input
4) Session
5) Choose
Session Name
6) Process
7) Asks for
Mode (Display All Screen, Display Errors & Background)
8) Process
209) What are the different
types of mode (run code) in Call Transaction method?
Ans There are three modes
in Call Transaction:
A –
Displays All Screen
E –
Display Errors
N –
Background Processing
210) Write the transaction code of Customer Master Data, Pricing, Inquiry,
Quotation and Sales Order.
Ans Customer Master Data
- XD01
Pricing -
Inquiry - VA11
Quotation - VA21
Sales
Order - VA01
- MM01
211) What are the fields of
Sales Order?
Ans Transaction Code of
Sales Order: VA01
Table of Sales
Order: VBAK
Order Type -
AUART
Sales Org –
VKORG
Dist Channel –
VTWEG
Division
– SPART
Sales Office
- VKBUR
Sales Group
- VKGRP
212) What are different
types of screen keywords?
Ans There are four types of
screen keywords: Module, Loop, Chain and Field.
213) Write special commands
of List.
Ans There are four specials
commands of lists: Write, Uline, Skip and New-Page
214) Write the following in
different manner.
IF ( A
GE B ) AND ( A LE C)
Ans IF A
BETWEEN B AND C
215) What are the different
types of ABAP statements?
Ans There are six types of
ABAP statements:
1) Declarative
- Types, Data, Tables
2)
Modularization - Event Keywords and Defining Keywords
3)
Control - If…Else, While, Case
4)
Call - Perform, Call, Set User Command, Submit,
Leave to
5) Operational
- Write, Add, Move
6)
Database - Open SQL & Native SQL
216) How data is stored in cluster table?
Ans Each field of cluster table behaves as tables,
which contains the number of entries.
217) What are client dependant objects in ABAP / SAP?
Ans SAP Script layout, text element, and some DDIC
objects.
218) On which event we can validate the input fields in
module programs?
Ans In PAI
(Write field statement on field you want to validate, if you want to validate
group of fields put in chain and End chain statement.)
219) In
selection screen, I have three fields, plant material number and material group.
If I input plant how do I get the material number and material group based on
plant dynamically?
Ans AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON VALUE-REQUEST FOR
MATERIAL.
CALL FUNCTION
'F4IF_INT_TABLE_VALUE_REQUEST'
to get material and material group
for the plant.
220) How do you get output from IDOC?
Ans Data in
IDOC is stored in segments; the output from IDOC is obtained by reading the data
stored in its respective segments.
221) When top of the page event is triggered?
Ans After executing first write statement in
start-of-selection event.
222) Can we create field without data element and how?
Ans In SE11, one option is available above the fields
strip i.e. Data element / direct type.
223) Fields of VBAK Table.
Ans VBAK – Sales Document : Header Data
Details about Sales Organization,
Distribution Channel, Division, Sales Group, Sales Office, Business Area,
Outline Agreements, etc
224) Which transaction code can I used to analyze the
performance of ABAP program.
Ans Transaction Code AL21.
225) How can I copy a standard table to make my own
Z_TABLE?
Ans Go to
transaction SE11. Then there is one option to copy table. Press that button.
Enter the name of the standard table and in the Target table enter Z_table name
and press enter.
226) What is runtime analysis? Have you used this?
Ans It
checks program execution time in microseconds. When you go to SE30. If you give
desired program name in performance file. It will take you to below screen. You
can get how much fast is your program.
227) What is meant by performance analysis?
Ans
228) How to transfer the objects? Have you transferred
any objects?
Ans
229) How did you test the developed objects?
Ans There are two types of testing
- Negative
testing
- Positive
testing
In negative testing, we will give
negative data in input and we check any errors occurs.
In positive testing, we will give
positive data in input for checking errors.
230) How did you handle errors in Call Transaction?
Ans We can
create an internal table like 'bsgmcgcoll'. All the messages will go to internal
table. We can get errors in this internal table.
Below messages are go to internal
table. When you run the call transaction.
1)
TCODE
2)
Message Type
3)
Message Id
4)
Message Number
5)
MSGV1
6)
MSGV2
7)
MSGV3
8)
MSGV4
CALL TRANSACTION TCODE USING BDCDATA MODE A/N/E.
UPDATE MODE A/S MESSAGE INTO BDCDATA.
THEN PUT LOOP…ENDLOOP OF BDCMSGCOLL
CALL FUNCTION ‘FORMAT_WRITE’
EXPORT = SYSTEM FIELD
IMPORT = MSG TEXT ERROR
231) Among the Call Transaction and Session Method,
which is faster?
Ans Call
transaction is faster then session method. But usually we use session method in
real time...because we can transfer large amount of data from internal table to
database and if any errors in a session, then process will not complete until
session get correct.
232) What are the difference between Interactive and
Drill Down Reports?
Ans ABAP/4
provides some interactive events on lists such as AT LINE-SELECTION (double
click) or AT USER-COMMAND (pressing a button). You can use these events to move
through layers of information about individual items in a list.
Drill down report is nothing but
interactive report...drilldown means above paragraph only.
233) How to pass the variables to forms?
Ans
234) What is the table, which contain the details of
all the name of the programs and forms?
Ans Table
contains vertical and horizontal lines. We can store the data in table as
blocks. We can scroll depends upon your wish. And these all are stored in
database (data dictionary).
235) What are Standard Texts?
Ans
236) What is the difference between Clustered Tables
and Pooled Tables?
Ans A
pooled table is used to combine several logical tables in the ABAP/4 dictionary.
Pooled tables are logical tables that must be assigned to a table pool when they
are defined.
Cluster table are logical tables
that must be assigned to a table cluster when they are defined. Cluster table
can be used to store control data. They can also used to store temporary data or
text such as documentation.
237) What is PF-STATUS?
Ans
PF-Status is used in interactive report for enhancing the functionality. If we
go to SE41, we can get menus, items and different function keys, which we are
using for secondary list in interactive report.
238) Among "Move" and "Move Corresponding", which is
efficient one?
Ans I
guess, 'move corresponding' is very efficient then 'move' statement. Because
usually we use this statement for internal table fields only...so if we give
move corresponding. Those fields only moving to other place (what ever you
want).
239) What are the Output Type, Transaction codes, Page
Format?
Ans
240) Where we use Chain and End chain?
Ans In Screen Programming
241) Do you
use select statement in loop…end loop, how will be the performance? To improve
the performance?
Ans
242) In
select-options, how to get the default values as current month first date and
last date by default? Eg: 1/12/2004 and 31/12/2004
Ans
243) What are IDOCs?
Ans IDOCs are intermediate documents to hold the
messages as a container.
244) What are screen painter? Menu painter? Gui status?
..etc.
Ans dynpro - flow logic + screens.
menu painter -
GUI Status - It is subset of the
interface elements (title bar, menu bar, standard tool bar, push buttons) used
for a certain screen.
The status comprises those
elements that are currently needed by the transaction.
245) What is screen flow logic? What are the sections
in it? Explain PAI and PBO.
Ans The control statements that control the screen
flow.
PBO - This event is triggered
before the screen is displayed.
PAI - This event is responsible
for processing of screen after the user enters the data and clicks the
pushbutton.
246) Overall how do you write transaction programs in
SAP?
Ans Create program-SE93-create transaction code -Run
it from command field.
Create
the transaction using object browser (SE80)
Define the objects e.g. screen, Transactions. – Modules – PBO, PAI.
247) Does
SAP has a GUI screen painter or not? If yes what operating systems is it
available on? What is the other type of screen painter called?
Ans Yes.
Operating System – Windows based
Screen Painter – Alpha numeric Screen Painter
248) What are step loops? How do you program page down
page up in step loops?
Ans Step loops are repeated blocks of field in a
screen.
Step
loops: Method of displaying a set of records.
Page down & Page up: decrement / increment base counter
Index = base + sy-step1 – 1
249) Is ABAP a GUI language?
Ans Yes, ABAP IS AN EVENT DRIVEN LANGUAGE.
250) Normally how many and what files get created when
a transaction program is written?
What is the XXXXXTOP program?
Ans Main program with A
Includes
- TOP INCLUDE – GLOBAL DATA
- Include for PBO
- Include for PAI
- Include for Forms
251) What are the include programs?
Ans When
the same sequence of statements in several programs is to be written repeatedly.
They are coded in include programs (External programs) and are included in
ABAP/4 programs.
252) Can you call a subroutine of one program from
another program?
Ans Yes, only external subroutines Using 'SUBMIT'
statement.
253) What are user exits? What is involved in writing
them? What precautions are needed?
Ans
User defined functionality included to predefined SAP standards. Point in an SAP
program where a customer's own program can be called. In contrast to customer
exits, user exits allow developers to access and modify program components and
data objects in the standard system. On upgrade, each user exit must be checked
to ensure that it conforms to the standard system.
There are two types of user
exit:
- User exits that use INCLUDEs
- These are customer enhancements that are called directly in the program.
- User exits that use TABLEs -
These are used and managed using Customizing. Should find the customer
enhancements belonging to particular development class.
254) What are RFCs? How do you write RFCs on SAP side?
Ans
255) What are the general naming conventions of ABAP
programs?
Ans Should start with Y or Z.
256) How do you find if a logical database exists for
your program requirements?
Ans SLDB-F4.
257) How do
you find the tables to report from when the user just tell you the transaction
he uses? And all the underlying data is from SAP structures?
Ans
Transaction code is entered in command field to open the table – Utilities –
Table contents display.
258) How do you find the menu path for a given
transaction in SAP?
Ans
259) What are the different modules of SAP?
Ans FI, CO, SD, MM, PP, HR.
260) How do you get help in ABAP?
Ans HELP-SAP LIBRARY, by pressing F1 on a keyword.
261) What are different ABAP/4 editors? What are the
differences?
Ans
262) What are the different elements in layout sets?
Ans PAGES, Page windows, Header, Paragraph, Character
String, Windows.
263) Can you use if then else, perform..etc statements
in sap script?
Ans Yes.
264) What type of variables normally used in sap script
to output data?
Ans
265) How do you number pages in SAP Script layout
outputs?
Ans & page & &next
Page &
266) What takes most time in SAP script programming?
Ans LAYOUT DESIGN AND LOGO INSERTION.
267) How do you use tab sets in layout sets?
Ans Define paragraph with defined tabs.
268) How do you backup SAP Script layout sets? Can you
download and upload? How?
Ans SAP script backup :- In transaction SE71 goto Utilities -> Copy from
client -> Give source form name, source client (000 default), Target form name.
Download :-
SE71, type form name -> Display -> Utilities -> form info -> List -> Save to PC
file.
Upload :-
Create form with page, window, page window with the help of downloaded PC file.
Text elements for Page windows to be copied from PC file.
269) What are presentation and application servers in
SAP?
Ans The
application layer of an R/3 System is made up of the application servers and the
message server. Application programs in an R/3 System are run on application
servers. The application servers communicate with the presentation components,
the database, and also with each other, using the message server.
270) In an
ABAP/4 program, how do you access data that exists on Presentation Server vs on
an Application Server?
Ans Using loop statements and
Flat
271) What are different data types in ABAP/4?
Ans
Elementary -
Predefined: C, D, F, I, N, P, T, X.
User defined:
TYPES.
Structured -
Predefined:
TABLES.
User defined:
Field Strings and internal tables.
272) What is difference between session method and Call
Transaction?
Ans Call Transaction –
1.
Single transaction
2.
Synchronous processing
3.
Asynchronous and Synchronous update
4.
No session log is created
5.
Faster
Session –
- Multiple Transaction
- Asynchronous processing
- Synchronous update
- Session log is created
- Slower
273) Setting up a BDC program where you find
information from?
Ans
274) What has to be done to the packed fields before
submitting to a BDC session.
Ans Fields converted into character type.
275) What is the structure of a BDC sessions.
Ans BDCDATA (standard structure).
276) What are the fields in a BDC_Tab Table.
Ans PROGRAM, DYNPRO, DYNBEGIN, FNAM, FVAL.
277) What do you define in the domain and data
element.
Ans Domain
- Technical details are defined in Domain like data type, number of decimal
places and length.
Data
Element – Functionality details are defined in Data elements – Field Text,
Column Captions, Parameters ID, and Online Field Documentation.
278) What is
the difference between a pool table and a transparent table and how they are
stored at the database level.
Ans Pool
tables are a logical representation of transparent tables. Hence no existence at
database level.
Where as transparent tables are
physical tables and exist at database level.
Pool Table -
4) Many to One
Relationship.
5) Table in the
Dictionary has the different name, different number of fields, and the fields
have the different name as in the R3 Table definition.
6) It can hold
only pooled tables.
Transparent Table –
4)
One to One relationship.
5)
Table in the Dictionary has the same name, same number of fields, and the
fields have the same name as in the R3 Table definition.
6)
It can hold Application data.
279) What is cardinality?
Ans For
cardinality one out of two (domain or data element) should be the same for
Ztest1 and Ztest2 tables. M:N Cardinality specifies the number of
dependent(Target) and independent (source) entities which can be in a
relationship.
280) For Sales Document: Item Data, which table is
used?
Ans VBAP –
Sales Document, Sales Document Item, Material Number, Material Entered, Batch
Number, Material Group, Target Quantity in Sales Document.
281) What are the types of tables?
Ans
1) Transparent
table 5) Pool table
2) Cluster table are data
dictionary table objects 6) Sorted table
3) Indexed table
7) Hash table
4) Internal tables.
282) What are pooled table?
Ans Table
pools (pools) and table clusters (clusters) are special table types in the ABAP
Dictionary. The data from several different tables can be stored together in a
table pool or table cluster. Tables assigned to a table pool or table cluster
are referred to as pooled tables or cluster tables.
A table in the database in which
all records from the pooled tables assigned to the table pool are stored
corresponds to a table pool. The definition of a pool consists essentially of
two key fields (Tabname and Varkey) and a long argument field (Vardata).
Table Clusters Several logical
data records from different cluster tables can be stored together in one
physical record in a table cluster.
A cluster key consists of a series
of freely definable key fields and a field (Pageno) for distinguishing
continuation records. A cluster also contains a long field (Vardata) that
contains the contents of the data fields of the cluster tables for this key. If
the data does not fit into the long field, continuation records are created.
Control information on the structure of the data string is still written at the
beginning of the Vardata field.
283) What are Hashed Tables?
Ans Hashed
tables - This is the most appropriate type for any table where the main
operation is key access. You cannot access a hashed table using its index. The
response time for key access remains constant, regardless of the number of table
entries. Like database tables, hashed tables always have a unique key. Hashed
tables are useful if you want to construct and use an internal table, which
resembles a database table or for processing large amounts of data.
SAMPLE PROG: THIS DOES NOTHING.
REPORT Z_1 .
TABLES: MARA.
DATA: I TYPE HASHED TABLE OF MARA
WITH UNIQUE KEY MATNR
284) How did you test the form u developed? How did you
take the print of it?
Ans
285) How many maximum number of fields can be there in
a table?
Ans
286) How many primary keys can be there in a table?
Ans
287) What
are the steps to perform Performance Tuning? What will you do increase the
performance of your system?
Ans
288) What is mandatory in Screen Painter?
Ans
289) If u
are entering large amount of data, and system fails, then how many records will
be entered or no records or half records will be entered?
Ans
290) In
Screen Painter, if two fields are mandatory and user do not want to enter
anything but he wants to come out of the screen, then what will he do?
Ans
291) What is At-Exit and User-Exit?
Ans
292) How
will you find the standard tables, you only know there names like Customer
Master Table?
Ans
293) How will change Development
Class?
Ans
294) How will you call both Function Module and
Function Group?
Ans
295) What is ALV?
Ans
296) What is Chain-Field & Chain-Loop?
Ans
297) What is Value-Ranges?
Ans
298) How will you provide help for value request
particular fields?
Ans
299) How will you find relationship between two or more
tables?
Ans
300) In
BDC’s, if you forget to write one field, then how will you modify that field in
your BDC program?
Ans
301) Detail concept of Transport Organizer.
Ans
302) Which is slower “Select *” and “Select
field1,field2”?
Ans
303) What are the errors in “Call Transaction”?
Ans
304) What is QA and production?
Ans
305) How will you display only 10 lines in Report?
Ans
306) In BDC,
if out of 10 records, 7 are successful and there are 3 records with some missing
fields, how will you modify those fields?
Ans
307) How will you set breakpoint to 100 messages?
Ans
308) How will you set Reports to Background job?
Ans
309) Name the tables, which is used to see all the
transaction available.
Ans See tables, TSTC and TSTCT for all the transaction
available
310) List of SAP supplied Programs.
Ans
Details (5) |
Program |
Purchase
Requisitions |
RM06BB10 |
Material Master |
RMDATIND |
Vendor Master |
RFBIKR00 |
Customer Master |
RFBIDE00 |
Sales Order |
RVINVB00 |
SAP SCRIPT PROGRAMS (9)
|
|
Logo |
RSTXLDMC |
Debug |
RSTXDBUG |
Upload / Download (Import /
Export) |
RSTXSCRP |
Convert Page Format |
RSTXFCON |
Text File Inconsistent |
RSTXCHK0 |
Copy Table Across Client |
RSCLTCOP |
Transfer Scripts Files Across
System (Not Clients) |
RSTXSCRP |
Comparing The Contents Of A
Table |
RSTBSERV |
Change The Development Class |
RSWBO052 |
REPORTS (2)
|
|
Submit A
BDC Job With An Internal Batch Number |
RSBDCBTC |
Release Batch Input Sessions |
RSBDCSUB |
STANDARD PROGRAM (7)
|
|
Table
Adjustment Across Clients |
RSAVGL00 |
Extended Program List |
RSINCL00 |
Get The Oracle Release |
RSORAREL |
Display All Instance Parameters |
RSPARAM |
Substitution / Validation
Utility |
RSUGBR00 |
Check Passwords Of Users SAP
And DDIC In All Clients |
RSUSR003 |
Last Users Last Login |
RSUSR006 |
311) How to schedule a Report in background? what is the
use of background job please explain about it?
Ans There are 3 ways to schedule in
background:
SM36
SE38
SA38
The easiest of
the three is SA38.
Why background?
In foreground jobs are only allowed a certain amount of runtime. Long running
jobs usually times out in foreground, and have to be run background. Some
customers has day-end jobs to fill custom tables, and these only run late at
night, so they are scheduled as background jobs as well. There may be any of a
hundred reasons why you want a job to run in background instead of foreground,
and these are only 2 of them.
|